PV: As scientists directly involved in the process of conducting research biodiesel (Bio-oil) from rice straw by pyrolysis technology, She know the scientific basis of this method?
Dr. Dang Tuyet Phuong Currently, the world supply power mostly from fossil fuels. However, reserves volume of this fuel increasingly exhausted. Moreover, the declaration exploration and use of oil and coal was discharged into the air CO2, SO2 and NOx cause effect warming, environmental pollution, changing climate seriously worldwide. For years, scientists worldwide have the research, finding new energy sources can replace and reduce reduce dependence on oil, is able to replicate and friendly environment. That's renewable energy including solar energy, energy hydrogen, geothermal, wind and bioenergy ... In particular, the ability biofuels made from biomass (biomass) account for about 63% of the total renewable energy. Energy sources provide 14% energy needs of the world, while in developing countries, that figure is 35%.
Raw biomass materials including wood, wood waste (sawdust, shavings), distribution animals, agricultural products and waste from agriculture such as straw, chaff, stems and cob ... Currently, many countries have produced from the production of biofuels agricultural products such as corn (USA), from sugar cane (Brazil), sugar beet (European countries) ... However, these materials are relatively expensive and unstable regulations. That's not to mention can cause a food crisis. Do Therefore, research and production of bio-oil from straw has opened the ability to make the source of cheap raw materials available from agricultural waste.
On the other hand, Vietnam is a rice exporter in the world second. From 2002 to now, our average water production of 34 million tonnes rice / year, generating about 40 million tons of rice straw. Number one is this straw used as animal feed, partially processed into fertilizer, while all weak burned off immediately in the field of waste and environmental pollution. So, if you take advantage of this resource to turn straw into bio-oil 25%, the performance can be obtained annually 10 million tons of oil and bacteria.
PV: Advantages and disadvantages of this method is, ma'am?
Dr. Dang Tuyet Phuong Rice straw as agricultural waste containing lignoxenlulo compounds. In particular, key components of rice straw is carbon accounting for more than 53%. Straw pyrolysis process is essentially broken carbon vessels by heat (thermal cracking) of the compound lignoxenlulo. Pros of the pyrolysis method is capable of breaking chemical bonds of both cellulose and lignin hemixenlulo, thereby increasing efficiency biomass. After the pyrolysis reaction will be in three types of products, gas, liquid and solid. Liquid products account for most, biological oil (bio-oil), can be used in many fields such as chemical manufacturing, pharmaceuticals, food food or fuel. However, in the composition of bio-oil obtained the pyrolysis process are compounds containing oxygen. These disadvantages General of the bio-oil generated from biomass pyrolysis as other compounds Oxygen will make oil and chemically unstable, causing corrosion of machinery, the muscles, while reducing heating value of oil.
PV: How do you rate the importance of this approach for the energy sector?
Dr. Dang Tuyet Phuong According to the Energy Organization world (International Energy Organzation) from 1999 to 2020 demand energy consumption of the world will increase 60%. Within a century over, energy consumption worldwide increased 20 times. According to Scheme development of biofuels by 2015, vision to 2025 has been Prime Minister's approval, to 2010, Vietnam produced 100,000 tons / year of biofuel E-5 and 50,000 tonnes / year biodiesel fuel Study B-5, 0.4% guaranteed to provide fuel demand in the country. To in 2015, production of bio-diesel fuel is expected to increase to 250,000 tons / year with the goal of producing 5 million tons / year E-5 and B-5, meeting 1% of the country's gasoline demand. For energy, bio-oil can use as fuel in power plants (heating boilers, ...) or replace diesel oil to run the engine (in this case bio-oil need to be refined, upgraded by the next process).
PV: According to her, what to do to be able to apply this method in actual production?
Dr. Dang Tuyet Phuong This is a very research new, not widely available in Vietnam and also the current issues world. In the future, we continue to study and complete improved heat distribution system equipment, improved catalysts to improve productivity and product quality. On that basis build process technology can be applied to industrial production.
PV: Thank you very much!
Order: TCDL No. 5 / 2011
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